Roll On Roll Off Terminals

Risk of:

• Serious injury.
• Drowning.
• Death.

Possible causes:

• Collapse of walkway e.g. due to lack of maintenance and inspection.
• Collapse of linkspan e.g. not using linkspan as designed, overloading, damage to linkspan or ship moves whilst still connected.
• Lack of proper access.
• No proper segregation of pedestrians and vehicles.

Risk of:

• Explosion.
• Fire.
• Adverse health effects.

Possible causes:

• Undeclared dangerous goods.
• Exposure to vehicles exhaust fumes in ship's hold or fumes from terminal machinery.
• Inadequate ventilation in ship's hold.
• Leakage of dangerous substances.
• Nuisance dust from neighbouring bulk cargo operations.

Risk of:

• Burns.
• Fire.
• Electrocution.
• Death.

Possible causes:

• Faulty refrigerated containers and connections.

Risk of:

• Increased risk of accident or incident due to reduced concentration and response times.

Possible causes:

• Working long hours.
• Working night shifts.
• Shift patterns.

Risk of:

• Burns.
• Smoke inhalation.
• Death.
• Property damage.

Possible causes:

• Welding, burning or open flame work.
• Petrol spillage from vehicle.
• Flammable fuel in tanks or dangerous goods.

Risk of:

• Increased risk of accident or incident.

Possible causes:

• Lack of training.
• Lack of awareness.
• Inattention.
• Substance abuse.

Risk of:

• Increased risk of accident or incident.

Possible causes:.

• Low lighting levels on board ship.
• Contrast between indoor and outdoor lighting.

Risk of:

• Hitting the head.
• Back pain.

Possible causes:

• Working under trailers and other low overhead areas.

Risk of:

• Musculoskeletal disorders.
• Sprains and strains.
• Bruises.

Possible causes:

• Handling heavy lashing systems, chains and prop stands/trestles.
• Pulling lashings.
• Kneeling, crawling and adopting awkward positions during lashing.
• Very little space between trailers.
• Pushing cars that don't start.

Risk of:

• Noise induced hearing loss.
• Stress.
• Failure to hear communications resulting in increased risk of accident.

Possible causes:

• Communication hindered due to noise levels.
• Vehicle operations and ship's fans creating noise.
• Noise from chains used during lashing.
• Unable to hear vehicles approaching or warning shouts.

Risk of:

• Serious injury, drowning or death.

Possible causes:

• Being hit by a vehicle whilst loading and unloading vehicles onto the ship.
• Lack of physical separation between vehicles and pedestrians or lack of safe system of work to prevent simultaneous usage of the ramp.
• Collapse of ramp due to lack of maintenance, improper use etc.
• Overloading of ramp.
• Unsafe system of work for loading.

Risk of:

• Cuts.

Possible causes:

• Handling heavy cargo, lashings, cars etc.
• Failure to wear protective gloves.

Risk of:

• Serious injury or death due to fall from height or being crushed by the lift.

Possible causes:

• Using the cargo lift as a personal lift rather than a cargo lift.
• Working with or close to the cargo lift.
• Collapse of the lift.
• Falling through the open deck during lift operation.

Risk of:

• Minor injury to broken limb, concussion to serious injury even death.

Possible causes:

• Installed fittings, rings, lashing points, deck gratings and fittings in the cargo hold acting as trip hazards.
• Trailing cables from refrigerated containers.
• Spillages, oil and grease.
• Weather e.g. wet, slippery decks.
• Unsafe walking surfaces.
• Inappropriate footwear.
• Inadequate lighting.

Risk of:

• Hitting head.
• Serious injury or death due to being hit by a vehicle (especially reversing vehicles) or being hit by a lashing.

Possible causes:

• Lashing and removing lashings from vehicles.
• Vessel and vehicle movement during voyage making lashings excessively taut.
• Poor lighting, working in shadow areas or under vehicles.
• Placing trestles / prop stands under trailers.
• Poorly designed vessel stowage plan.
• Several vehicles reversing at same time.
• Large vehicles being manouevred on vessels not originally designed for such vehicles.
• Restricted view from driving positions especially when reversing.
• Runaway vehicle.

Risk of:

• Whole body vibration.

Possible causes:

• Operation of terminal plant.
• Inadequate or lack of maintenance of plant.

Risk of:

• Serious injury or death - being hit, runover or crushed by a vehicle or running over the edge of the quay and drowning.
• Property damage - impact with ship or property.

Possible causes:

• Lack of, inadequate or poorly designed traffic management system.
• Inadequate traffic controls.
• Uncontrolled pedestrian traffic.
• Simultaneous use of ramp by vehicles and pedestrians.
• Inadequate segregation of pedestrians and vehicles.
• Hazarous routes or areas not clearly marked or barricaded.
• Vehicles or caravan becoming uncoupled on the ship's ramp.
• Inadequate control of Ro-Ro traffic.
• Failure to properly apply vehicle and trailer parking brakes.
• Pedestrian access via the main loading ramp presenting hazards from moving vehicles.
• Vehicles operating in a confined area.
• Material failures in cargo transport vehicles.
• Reversing or manoeuvring of vehicles and trailers into stowage positions on deck.
• Lashing of vehicles - lasher not visible.
• Inadequate lighting on board ship.
• Transition from outside to inside affecting vision.
• Impaired visibility or blind spots especially when reversing.
• Trailer coupling and uncoupling on the dockside and on the ship.
• Improper use or failure to use seatbelts where provided.
• Unsafe speeds.
• Low clearance.
• Weather.